[
 {
  "surname": "白",
  "slug": "bai2",
  "pinyin": "bái",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "白公胜、公子白",
  "origin": "河南息县",
  "junwang": [
   "太原",
   "南阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自太原一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "香山堂",
    "note": "白居易晚年自号香山居士，居洛阳香山"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "白起",
   "白居易",
   "白朴"
  ],
  "origin_note": "芈姓。楚平王太子建之子胜受封于白邑（今河南息县），称白公胜，其后以邑为氏。另有嬴姓白氏（秦文公之子公子白之后）、唐代白居易一支自云出太原白氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/bai2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "蔡",
  "slug": "cai4",
  "pinyin": "cài",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "蔡叔度",
  "origin": "河南上蔡",
  "junwang": [
   "济阳",
   "汝南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "济阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自济阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "蔡伦",
   "蔡邕",
   "蔡文姬",
   "蔡元培"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周武王弟叔度受封于蔡（今河南上蔡），三监之乱后被放，其子胡复封于蔡。蔡亡于楚，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/cai4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "曹",
  "slug": "cao2",
  "pinyin": "cáo",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "曹叔振铎",
  "origin": "山东定陶",
  "junwang": [
   "谯郡",
   "彭城",
   "高平"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "谯郡堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自谯郡一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 30 位",
  "rank_num": 30,
  "population": "约 790 万人",
  "population_est": 7900000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "曹刿",
   "曹操",
   "曹植",
   "曹雪芹"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周武王弟振铎受封于曹（今山东定陶），曹亡于宋，子孙以国为氏。另有颛顼后裔陆终之子安为曹姓，是邾、莒之祖。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/cao2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "单于",
  "slug": "chanyu2",
  "pinyin": "chán yú",
  "era": "汉代",
  "ancestor": "匈奴单于之后",
  "origin": "内蒙古",
  "junwang": [
   "千乘"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "千乘堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [],
  "origin_note": "匈奴。匈奴最高首领称「单于」，其后有以王号为氏者。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/chanyu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "陈",
  "slug": "chen2",
  "pinyin": "chén",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "陈胡公满",
  "origin": "河南淮阳",
  "junwang": [
   "颍川",
   "汝南",
   "下邳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "颍川堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自颍川一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "义门堂",
    "note": "宋陈氏十五世同居共爨，仁宗旌表为「义门」"
   },
   {
    "name": "德星堂",
    "note": "东汉陈寔携子侄过荀淑，太史奏「德星聚」，后人取为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 5 位",
  "rank_num": 5,
  "population": "约 6300 万人",
  "population_est": 63000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "陈胜",
   "陈寿",
   "陈霸先",
   "陈子昂",
   "陈寅恪"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。舜的后裔妫满受周武王之封于陈（今河南淮阳），谥号陈胡公，子孙以国为氏。陈完奔齐后改称田氏，即「田氏代齐」一支，汉以后部分复归陈姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/chen2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "程",
  "slug": "cheng2",
  "pinyin": "chéng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "程伯休父",
  "origin": "河南洛阳",
  "junwang": [
   "安定",
   "广平",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "安定堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自安定一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "二贤堂",
    "note": "北宋程颢、程颐兄弟同为理学宗师，世称「二程」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "程婴",
   "程知节（程咬金）",
   "程颢",
   "程颐"
  ],
  "origin_note": "风姓。颛顼后裔重黎之后，程伯休父为周宣王大司马，受封于程（今河南洛阳东），以邑为氏。另有姬姓程氏（晋国荀氏之后）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/cheng2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "淳于",
  "slug": "chunyu2",
  "pinyin": "chún yú",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "淳于公",
  "origin": "山东安丘",
  "junwang": [
   "齐郡",
   "河内"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "齐郡堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "淳于髡",
   "淳于意（仓公）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。周武王封淳于公于州（今山东安丘），为淳于国，后为杞所灭，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/chunyu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "崔",
  "slug": "cui1",
  "pinyin": "cuī",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "崔季子",
  "origin": "山东章丘",
  "junwang": [
   "博陵",
   "清河"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "博陵堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自博陵一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "崔杼",
   "崔颢",
   "崔护"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。齐丁公之子季子让国不仕，食采于崔（今山东章丘），以邑为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/cui1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "戴",
  "slug": "dai4",
  "pinyin": "dài",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "宋戴公",
  "origin": "河南商丘",
  "junwang": [
   "谯郡",
   "广陵",
   "济会"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "谯郡堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自谯郡一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "注礼堂",
    "note": "西汉戴德、戴圣删定《礼记》，世称大戴、小戴"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "戴德",
   "戴圣",
   "戴震",
   "戴名世"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。宋国君主宋戴公之后，以谥为氏。另有姬姓戴氏（戴国，今河南兰考）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/dai4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "邓",
  "slug": "deng4",
  "pinyin": "dèng",
  "era": "商代",
  "ancestor": "曼季（邓侯）",
  "origin": "河南邓州",
  "junwang": [
   "南阳",
   "安定",
   "高密"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "南阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自南阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 28 位",
  "rank_num": 28,
  "population": "约 920 万人",
  "population_est": 9200000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "邓禹",
   "邓艾",
   "邓世昌",
   "邓小平"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。商王武丁封叔父曼季于邓（今河南邓州），为邓侯，历商周。邓国亡于楚，子孙以国为氏。另有姒姓邓氏一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/deng4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "丁",
  "slug": "ding1",
  "pinyin": "dīng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "丁公伋",
  "origin": "山东淄博",
  "junwang": [
   "济阳",
   "济阴"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "济阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自济阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "丁奉",
   "丁谓",
   "丁汝昌"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。齐太公之子丁公伋，子孙以谥为氏。另有子姓丁氏（宋丁公之后）、孙姓改丁、回族丁姓等支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/ding1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "董",
  "slug": "dong3",
  "pinyin": "dǒng",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "董父（豢龙氏）",
  "origin": "山西闻喜",
  "junwang": [
   "陇西",
   "济阴"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "陇西堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自陇西一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "三策堂",
    "note": "西汉董仲舒对策「天人三策」，倡独尊儒术"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "董狐",
   "董仲舒",
   "董其昌"
  ],
  "origin_note": "己姓。颛顼后裔飂叔安之子董父好龙，为舜驯养龙，赐姓董，世称豢龙氏。另有姬姓董氏：周大夫辛有之二子适晋，董督晋典籍，以董为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/dong3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "东方",
  "slug": "dongfang1",
  "pinyin": "dōng fāng",
  "era": "西汉",
  "ancestor": "东方朔",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "平原"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "平原堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "东方朔",
   "东方虬"
  ],
  "origin_note": "一说出自上古伏羲氏，「出于震位，主东方」，以方位为氏；一说西汉东方朔本姓张，因出生时东方既白，以「东方」为姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/dongfang1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "杜",
  "slug": "du4",
  "pinyin": "dù",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "杜伯",
  "origin": "陕西西安",
  "junwang": [
   "京兆",
   "襄阳",
   "濮阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "京兆堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自京兆一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "少陵堂",
    "note": "杜甫居长安少陵原，自号少陵野老"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "杜预",
   "杜甫",
   "杜牧"
  ],
  "origin_note": "祁姓。帝尧后裔刘累之后，周成王时受封于杜（今陕西西安东南），为杜伯。杜国亡于周宣王，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/du4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "端木",
  "slug": "duanmu4",
  "pinyin": "duān mù",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "端木赐（子贡）",
  "origin": "河南浚县",
  "junwang": [
   "鲁郡",
   "广平"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "鲁郡堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "端木赐（子贡）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。孔子弟子端木赐，字子贡，卫国人，其后以「端木」为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/duanmu4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "独孤",
  "slug": "dugu1",
  "pinyin": "dú gū",
  "era": "北魏",
  "ancestor": "独孤部",
  "origin": "山西大同",
  "junwang": [
   "河南",
   "高阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河南堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "独孤信",
   "独孤伽罗（隋文帝皇后）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "匈奴刘氏。源出匈奴独孤部，为南匈奴单于之后。北魏孝文帝推行汉化，独孤部改以部名为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/dugu1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "范",
  "slug": "fan4",
  "pinyin": "fàn",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "范武子（士会）",
  "origin": "河南范县",
  "junwang": [
   "高平",
   "南阳",
   "钱塘"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "高平堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自高平一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "范蠡",
   "范雎",
   "范仲淹",
   "范成大"
  ],
  "origin_note": "祁姓。帝尧后裔，周宣王时杜伯之子隰叔奔晋，其孙士会食采于范（今河南范县），以邑为氏，是为范武子。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/fan4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "方",
  "slug": "fang1",
  "pinyin": "fāng",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "方雷氏、方叔",
  "origin": "河南洛阳",
  "junwang": [
   "河南",
   "新安"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河南堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自河南一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "六桂堂",
    "note": "闽南方、翁、洪、江、龚、汪六姓同祖，合称「六桂」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "方腊",
   "方孝孺",
   "方苞"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。炎帝后裔方雷氏之后，以名为氏。另有姬姓方氏，周宣王大夫方叔平定荆蛮，其后以字为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/fang1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "冯",
  "slug": "feng2",
  "pinyin": "féng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "毕万（冯城）",
  "origin": "陕西兴平",
  "junwang": [
   "始平",
   "杜陵",
   "长乐"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "始平堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自始平一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "大树堂",
    "note": "东汉冯异谦退不伐，诸将争功时独倚大树，人称「大树将军」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 29 位",
  "rank_num": 29,
  "population": "约 950 万人",
  "population_est": 9500000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "冯唐",
   "冯道",
   "冯梦龙",
   "冯子材"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周文王第十五子毕公高之后毕万受封于冯城（今陕西大荔），子孙以邑为氏。另有归姓冯氏（冯夷之后）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/feng2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "傅",
  "slug": "fu4",
  "pinyin": "fù",
  "era": "商代",
  "ancestor": "傅说",
  "origin": "山西平陆",
  "junwang": [
   "清河",
   "北地",
   "临清"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "清河堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自清河一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "傅说",
   "傅玄",
   "傅山",
   "傅雷"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。商王武丁贤相说，曾隐居于傅岩（今山西平陆），以地为氏，是为傅说。今多简写作「付」，2020 年官方排名以「付」列第 66 位。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/fu4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "高",
  "slug": "gao1",
  "pinyin": "gāo",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "高傒",
  "origin": "山东长清",
  "junwang": [
   "渤海",
   "渔阳",
   "辽东"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "渤海堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自渤海一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 20 位",
  "rank_num": 20,
  "population": "约 1450 万人",
  "population_est": 14500000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "高傒",
   "高适",
   "高攀龙"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。齐太公六世孙文公之子公子高，其孙傒以王父字为氏，是为高傒，齐国上卿。另有齐惠公之子公子祁字子高之后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/gao1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "公孙",
  "slug": "gongsun1",
  "pinyin": "gōng sūn",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "诸侯之孙",
  "origin": "河南",
  "junwang": [
   "高阳",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "高阳堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "公孙鞅（商鞅）",
   "公孙龙",
   "公孙杵臼"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。按周制，诸侯之子称公子，公子之子称公孙，公孙之后有以「公孙」为氏者，故多国皆有此姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/gongsun1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "公西",
  "slug": "gongxi1",
  "pinyin": "gōng xī",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "公西赤",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "顿丘"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "顿丘堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "公西赤（子华）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。鲁国季孙氏支庶，以「公西」为氏。孔子弟子公西赤，字子华，即其后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/gongxi1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "郭",
  "slug": "guo1",
  "pinyin": "guō",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "虢叔",
  "origin": "河南荥阳",
  "junwang": [
   "太原",
   "华阴",
   "冯翊"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自太原一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "汾阳堂",
    "note": "唐郭子仪平安史之乱，封汾阳郡王，八子七婿皆贵"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 16 位",
  "rank_num": 16,
  "population": "约 1580 万人",
  "population_est": 15800000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "郭隗",
   "郭子仪",
   "郭守敬",
   "郭沫若"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周武王封其弟虢叔于虢（今河南荥阳一带，后迁陕西宝鸡），世称虢公。「虢」与「郭」古音相近，后人以郭为氏。另有夏代郭支、古郭国说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/guo1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "韩",
  "slug": "han2",
  "pinyin": "hán",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "韩武子（韩厥）",
  "origin": "陕西韩城",
  "junwang": [
   "颍川",
   "南阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "颍川堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自颍川一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "泣杖堂",
    "note": "汉韩伯愈受母杖，觉母力衰而泣，以孝闻"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 27 位",
  "rank_num": 27,
  "population": "约 980 万人",
  "population_est": 9800000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "韩非",
   "韩信",
   "韩愈",
   "韩世忠"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。晋国曲沃桓叔之后韩武子受封于韩原（今陕西韩城），其后韩厥为晋卿，三家分晋建韩国。韩亡于秦，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/han2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "郝",
  "slug": "hao3",
  "pinyin": "hǎo",
  "era": "商代",
  "ancestor": "子期（郝邑）",
  "origin": "山西太原",
  "junwang": [
   "太原",
   "京兆"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自太原一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "郝隆",
   "郝经"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。商王帝乙封子期于郝（今山西太原一带），其后以邑为氏。另有赫连氏改郝等支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/hao3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "何",
  "slug": "he2",
  "pinyin": "hé",
  "era": "战国末",
  "ancestor": "韩氏改姓",
  "origin": "安徽庐江",
  "junwang": [
   "庐江",
   "东海",
   "陈郡"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "庐江堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自庐江一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "水部堂",
    "note": "南朝何逊任尚书水部郎，诗名满江左"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 17 位",
  "rank_num": 17,
  "population": "约 1300 万人",
  "population_est": 13000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "何休",
   "何承天",
   "何景明",
   "何香凝"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周成王弟唐叔虞后裔建韩国。秦灭韩后，韩王安子孙避难江淮，当地「韩」「何」音近，遂讹为何氏；相传韩瑊遇秦吏盘查，指河为姓，吏误记为「何」，因而得姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/he2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "赫连",
  "slug": "helian2",
  "pinyin": "hè lián",
  "era": "十六国",
  "ancestor": "赫连勃勃",
  "origin": "陕西靖边",
  "junwang": [
   "渤海"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "渤海堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "赫连勃勃"
  ],
  "origin_note": "匈奴铁弗部。东晋时刘勃勃据统万城建大夏国，自云「赫赫连天」，遂改姓赫连。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/helian2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "胡",
  "slug": "hu2",
  "pinyin": "hú",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "陈胡公满",
  "origin": "河南淮阳",
  "junwang": [
   "安定",
   "新蔡"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "安定堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自安定一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "苏湖堂",
    "note": "北宋胡瑗讲学苏湖，创「苏湖教法」，世称安定先生"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 15 位",
  "rank_num": 15,
  "population": "约 1650 万人",
  "population_est": 16500000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "胡瑗",
   "胡安国",
   "胡雪岩",
   "胡适"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。陈国始封君妫满谥「胡公」，其后以谥为氏。另有姬姓胡国（今河南郾城）之后、归姓胡国之后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/hu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "黄",
  "slug": "huang2",
  "pinyin": "huáng",
  "era": "夏商",
  "ancestor": "伯益（伯翳）后裔",
  "origin": "河南潢川",
  "junwang": [
   "江夏",
   "会稽"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "江夏堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自江夏一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "紫云堂",
    "note": "唐黄守恭舍宅建泉州开元寺，传说紫云盖顶，其后称紫云黄氏"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 7 位",
  "rank_num": 7,
  "population": "约 3300 万人",
  "population_est": 33000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "黄歇",
   "黄香",
   "黄庭坚",
   "黄宗羲",
   "黄遵宪"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。伯益后裔在夏商时受封于黄（今河南潢川），为黄国。春秋时黄国为楚所灭，子孙以国为氏。另有少昊金天氏之后一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/huang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "皇甫",
  "slug": "huangfu3",
  "pinyin": "huáng fǔ",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "皇父充石",
  "origin": "河南民权",
  "junwang": [
   "安定",
   "京兆"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "安定堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 6.4 万人",
  "population_est": 64000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "皇甫规",
   "皇甫嵩",
   "皇甫谧"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。宋国公族宋戴公之子充石，字皇父，其孙南雍陲以王父字为氏，称皇父氏，后改为皇甫。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/huangfu3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "贾",
  "slug": "jia3",
  "pinyin": "jiǎ",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "贾公明",
  "origin": "山西襄汾",
  "junwang": [
   "武威",
   "长乐",
   "洛阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "武威堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自武威一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "治安堂",
    "note": "西汉贾谊上《治安策》，为政论名篇"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "贾谊",
   "贾思勰",
   "贾岛"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周康王封唐叔虞少子公明于贾（今山西襄汾），为贾伯。贾亡于晋，子孙以国为氏。另有晋国狐偃之子狐射姑食采于贾，一支以贾为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/jia3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "江",
  "slug": "jiang1",
  "pinyin": "jiāng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "江伯",
  "origin": "河南正阳",
  "junwang": [
   "济阳",
   "淮阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "济阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自济阳一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "六桂堂",
    "note": "闽南六姓同祖合称「六桂」，江氏居其一"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "江统",
   "江淹",
   "江永"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。伯益后裔受封于江（今河南正阳），为江国。春秋时江为楚所灭，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/jiang1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "姜",
  "slug": "jiang1b",
  "pinyin": "jiāng",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "炎帝（神农氏）",
  "origin": "陕西宝鸡",
  "junwang": [
   "天水",
   "广汉"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "天水堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自天水一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "姜子牙（吕尚）",
   "姜维",
   "姜夔"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。炎帝神农氏生于姜水（今陕西宝鸡一带），因以水名为姓，是中国最古老的姓氏之一。周时姜姓封国众多，齐、申、吕、许皆其后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/jiang1b"
 },
 {
  "surname": "蒋",
  "slug": "jiang3",
  "pinyin": "jiǎng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "蒋伯龄",
  "origin": "河南固始",
  "junwang": [
   "乐安",
   "东莱"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "乐安堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自乐安一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "蒋琬",
   "蒋士铨"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周公第三子伯龄受封于蒋（今河南固始），为蒋国。蒋亡于楚，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/jiang3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "金",
  "slug": "jin1",
  "pinyin": "jīn",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "少昊（金天氏）",
  "origin": "山东曲阜",
  "junwang": [
   "彭城",
   "京兆"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "彭城堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自彭城一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "金日磾",
   "金圣叹",
   "金农"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。少昊金天氏之后，以号为氏。另有匈奴休屠王太子金日磾归汉，赐姓金；吴越时为避钱镠讳，刘氏改金，两支出于关中与江南。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/jin1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "康",
  "slug": "kang1",
  "pinyin": "kāng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "康叔封",
  "origin": "河南禹州",
  "junwang": [
   "京兆",
   "东平",
   "会稽"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "京兆堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自京兆一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "康有为",
   "康广仁"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周武王同母弟封受封于康（今河南禹州），世称康叔，其后以邑为氏。另有子姓康氏（宋康王之后）、西域康居国归附者以康为姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/kang1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "孔",
  "slug": "kong3",
  "pinyin": "kǒng",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "孔父嘉",
  "origin": "河南商丘",
  "junwang": [
   "鲁国",
   "曲阜"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "鲁国堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自鲁国一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "至圣堂",
    "note": "孔子被尊为「至圣先师」"
   },
   {
    "name": "诗礼堂",
    "note": "孔子教子「不学诗，无以言；不学礼，无以立」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "孔子",
   "孔融",
   "孔颖达"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。宋国微子启后裔孔父嘉为宋大司马，其子木金父以王父字为氏。孔子为孔父嘉六世孙，出鲁国陬邑。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/kong3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "李",
  "slug": "li3",
  "pinyin": "lǐ",
  "era": "商末",
  "ancestor": "李利贞（血缘始祖皋陶）",
  "origin": "河南鹿邑",
  "junwang": [
   "陇西",
   "赵郡"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "陇西堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自陇西一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "青莲堂",
    "note": "李白自号青莲居士，后世一支取为堂号，寄托诗酒风流"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 2 位",
  "rank_num": 2,
  "population": "约 1.01 亿人",
  "population_est": 101000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "李耳（老子）",
   "李广",
   "李世民",
   "李白",
   "李时珍"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。舜时皋陶任大理（掌刑狱），子孙以官为氏称「理」。商末理徵直谏得罪纣王被杀，其妻携幼子利贞出逃，途中食李树果实得活，遂改「理」为「李」，利贞被尊为得姓始祖。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/li3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "梁",
  "slug": "liang2",
  "pinyin": "liáng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "梁康伯",
  "origin": "陕西韩城",
  "junwang": [
   "安定",
   "天水",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "安定堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自安定一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 22 位",
  "rank_num": 22,
  "population": "约 1130 万人",
  "population_est": 11300000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "梁鸿",
   "梁启超",
   "梁实秋",
   "梁思成"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。秦仲之子康受封于夏阳梁山（今陕西韩城），为梁伯。梁国亡于秦，子孙以国为氏。另有姬姓梁氏（周平王之子唐封于南梁）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/liang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "廖",
  "slug": "liao4",
  "pinyin": "liào",
  "era": "商周",
  "ancestor": "伯廖（廖国）",
  "origin": "河南唐河",
  "junwang": [
   "汝南",
   "巨鹿"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "汝南堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自汝南一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "廖化",
   "廖刚"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周文王之子伯廖之后，以名为氏。另有偃姓廖氏（皋陶后裔廖国，今河南唐河）之后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/liao4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "林",
  "slug": "lin2",
  "pinyin": "lín",
  "era": "商末",
  "ancestor": "林坚（比干之子）",
  "origin": "河南卫辉",
  "junwang": [
   "西河",
   "济南",
   "下邳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "西河堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自西河一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "九牧堂",
    "note": "唐林披九子皆官刺史，世称「九牧林家」"
   },
   {
    "name": "问礼堂",
    "note": "孔子弟子林放问礼之本，见《论语·八佾》"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 18 位",
  "rank_num": 18,
  "population": "约 1420 万人",
  "population_est": 14200000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "林则徐",
   "林逋",
   "林徽因"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。商纣王叔父比干直谏被杀，其子坚生于长林之中，周武王赐姓林、食采博陵，是为林坚。另有姬姓林氏（周平王庶子林开之后）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/lin2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "令狐",
  "slug": "linghu2",
  "pinyin": "líng hú",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "魏颗",
  "origin": "山西临猗",
  "junwang": [
   "太原"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 5.5 万人",
  "population_est": 55000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "令狐德棻",
   "令狐楚",
   "令狐绹"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。晋国魏犨之子魏颗败秦师于辅氏，受封于令狐（今山西临猗），子孙以邑为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/linghu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "刘",
  "slug": "liu2",
  "pinyin": "liú",
  "era": "夏代",
  "ancestor": "刘累（御龙氏）",
  "origin": "河南偃师",
  "junwang": [
   "彭城",
   "沛国",
   "弘农"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "彭城堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自彭城一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "藜照堂",
    "note": "西汉刘向校书天禄阁，传说太乙真人燃藜杖为照"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 4 位",
  "rank_num": 4,
  "population": "约 7200 万人",
  "population_est": 72000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "刘邦",
   "刘彻",
   "刘备",
   "刘勰",
   "刘基"
  ],
  "origin_note": "祁姓。帝尧后裔刘累，夏代孔甲时为「御龙氏」，受封于刘（今河南偃师），子孙以邑为氏。另有姬姓一支：周匡王少子王季子封于刘邑，世称刘康公。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/liu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "卢",
  "slug": "lu2",
  "pinyin": "lú",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "高傒（食采于卢）",
  "origin": "山东长清",
  "junwang": [
   "范阳",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "范阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自范阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "卢绾",
   "卢植",
   "卢照邻",
   "卢仝"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。齐太公后裔高傒食采于卢（今山东长清），子孙以邑为氏。另有北魏鲜卑莫芦氏改卢、卢蒲氏改卢等支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/lu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "陆",
  "slug": "lu4",
  "pinyin": "lù",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "田通（陆乡）",
  "origin": "山东乐陵",
  "junwang": [
   "吴郡",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "吴郡堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自吴郡一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "怀橘堂",
    "note": "东汉陆绩六岁怀橘遗亲，列入二十四孝"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "陆贾",
   "陆逊",
   "陆机",
   "陆游"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。田完之后，齐宣王封少子通于陆乡（今山东乐陵），以邑为氏。另有陆浑之戎改陆一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/lu4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "罗",
  "slug": "luo2",
  "pinyin": "luó",
  "era": "商周",
  "ancestor": "祝融氏之后",
  "origin": "湖北宜城",
  "junwang": [
   "豫章",
   "长沙"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "豫章堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自豫章一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 19 位",
  "rank_num": 19,
  "population": "约 1400 万人",
  "population_est": 14000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "罗贯中",
   "罗隐",
   "罗振玉"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妘姓。颛顼后裔祝融氏之孙受封于罗（今湖北宜城），为罗国。春秋时罗为楚所灭，子孙以国为氏。另有芈姓罗氏一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/luo2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "吕",
  "slug": "lv3",
  "pinyin": "lǚ",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "伯夷（吕侯）",
  "origin": "河南南阳",
  "junwang": [
   "河东",
   "东平",
   "淮南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河东堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自河东一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "渭滨堂",
    "note": "吕尚垂钓渭水之滨，遇周文王而出一统之谋"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "吕尚（姜子牙）",
   "吕不韦",
   "吕蒙",
   "吕留良"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。炎帝后裔伯夷佐禹治水有功，受封于吕（今河南南阳），为吕侯。吕亡于楚，子孙以国为氏。姜子牙即吕尚，为吕氏始祖。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/lv3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "马",
  "slug": "ma3",
  "pinyin": "mǎ",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "赵奢（马服君）",
  "origin": "河北邯郸",
  "junwang": [
   "扶风",
   "茂陵"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "扶风堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自扶风一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "铜柱堂",
    "note": "东汉马援平交趾，立铜柱表汉界，后人取为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 13 位",
  "rank_num": 13,
  "population": "约 1910 万人",
  "population_est": 19100000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "马援",
   "马融",
   "马钧",
   "马致远"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。赵国名将赵奢大破秦军，封「马服君」，子孙以「马服」为氏，后简为马氏。另有西域马姓、元代回回马氏等支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/ma3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "毛",
  "slug": "mao2",
  "pinyin": "máo",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "毛伯郑",
  "origin": "陕西岐山",
  "junwang": [
   "西河",
   "荥阳",
   "河阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "西河堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自西河一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "毛遂",
   "毛亨",
   "毛晋"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周文王之子郑受封于毛（今陕西岐山），世为周卿士，称毛伯，其后以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/mao2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "万俟",
  "slug": "moqi2",
  "pinyin": "mò qí",
  "era": "北魏",
  "ancestor": "万俟部",
  "origin": "山西",
  "junwang": [
   "兰陵",
   "开封"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "兰陵堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "万俟卨"
  ],
  "origin_note": "鲜卑。源出拓跋鲜卑万俟部，以部名为氏。北魏孝文帝汉化时改为万俟。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/moqi2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "慕容",
  "slug": "murong2",
  "pinyin": "mù róng",
  "era": "三国",
  "ancestor": "慕容廆",
  "origin": "辽宁义县",
  "junwang": [
   "敦煌",
   "雁门",
   "辽东"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "敦煌堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 0.5 万人",
  "population_est": 5000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "慕容皝",
   "慕容垂",
   "慕容德"
  ],
  "origin_note": "鲜卑。三国时鲜卑中部大人莫护跋居辽西，好戴步摇冠，部众称之为「慕容」，遂以部名为氏。一说慕容廆自云「慕二仪之德，继三光之容」。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/murong2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "南宫",
  "slug": "nangong1",
  "pinyin": "nán gōng",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "南宫适",
  "origin": "河南",
  "junwang": [
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河南堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "南宫适（南宫括）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。鲁国孟僖子之子仲孙闵居南宫，以居地为氏；一说孔子弟子南宫适（南宫括）之后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/nangong1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "欧阳",
  "slug": "ouyang2",
  "pinyin": "ōu yáng",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "欧阳亭侯蹄",
  "origin": "浙江湖州",
  "junwang": [
   "渤海",
   "千乘"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "渤海堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   },
   {
    "name": "画荻堂",
    "note": "欧阳修幼孤，母郑氏以荻画地教其识字"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "111.2 万人",
  "population_est": 1112000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "欧阳询",
   "欧阳詹",
   "欧阳修"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姒姓。夏少康封庶子无余于会稽，建越国。越王无疆为楚所灭，其子蹄受封于乌程欧余山之阳，为欧阳亭侯，子孙以「欧阳」为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/ouyang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "潘",
  "slug": "pan1",
  "pinyin": "pān",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "潘季孙",
  "origin": "河南荥阳",
  "junwang": [
   "荥阳",
   "广宗",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "荥阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自荥阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "潘岳",
   "潘美",
   "潘季驯"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周文王第十五子毕公高之子季孙受封于潘（今河南荥阳），子孙以邑为氏。另有芈姓潘氏（楚成王之子潘崇）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/pan1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "彭",
  "slug": "peng2",
  "pinyin": "péng",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "彭祖（篯铿）",
  "origin": "江苏徐州",
  "junwang": [
   "陇西",
   "宜春",
   "淮阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "陇西堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自陇西一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "彭祖",
   "彭越",
   "彭德怀"
  ],
  "origin_note": "彭姓。颛顼后裔陆终第三子篯铿受封于彭（今江苏徐州），即传说中的彭祖，历夏商为诸侯。彭亡后子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/peng2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "濮阳",
  "slug": "puyang2",
  "pinyin": "pú yáng",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "居濮水之阳者",
  "origin": "河南濮阳",
  "junwang": [
   "博陵"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "博陵堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "濮阳兴"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。郑国大夫居濮水之北，以地为氏，称濮阳氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/puyang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "秦",
  "slug": "qin2",
  "pinyin": "qín",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "非子",
  "origin": "甘肃天水",
  "junwang": [
   "天水",
   "太原"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "天水堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自天水一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "秦琼",
   "秦观",
   "秦九韶"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。伯益之后非子为周孝王养马有功，受封于秦（今甘肃天水），为秦国始祖。秦亡后子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/qin2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "邱",
  "slug": "qiu1",
  "pinyin": "qiū",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "丘氏（避讳改邱）",
  "origin": "山东淄博",
  "junwang": [
   "河南",
   "吴兴"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河南堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自河南一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "邱处机（丘处机）",
   "邱濬"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。齐太公封于营丘（今山东淄博），支庶以「丘」为氏。清雍正三年，为避孔子名讳（孔丘），诏令加「邑」旁作「邱」，邱、丘二姓同源。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/qiu1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "任",
  "slug": "ren2",
  "pinyin": "rén",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "禺阳（任国）",
  "origin": "山东济宁",
  "junwang": [
   "乐安",
   "东安",
   "河东"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "乐安堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自乐安一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "任嚣",
   "任昉",
   "任伯年"
  ],
  "origin_note": "风姓。太昊伏羲氏之后受封于任（今山东济宁），以国为氏。另有黄帝少子禺阳封于任，其后以任为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/ren2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "上官",
  "slug": "shangguan1",
  "pinyin": "shàng guān",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "上官大夫",
  "origin": "河南滑县",
  "junwang": [
   "天水"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "天水堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 8.8 万人",
  "population_est": 88000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "上官仪",
   "上官婉儿"
  ],
  "origin_note": "芈姓。楚怀王时有一位上官大夫，其封邑在上官（今河南滑县东南），子孙以邑为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/shangguan1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "沈",
  "slug": "shen3",
  "pinyin": "shěn",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "季载（沈子国）",
  "origin": "河南平舆",
  "junwang": [
   "吴兴",
   "汝南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "吴兴堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自吴兴一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "梦溪堂",
    "note": "北宋沈括晚年居润州梦溪园，著《梦溪笔谈》"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "沈约",
   "沈括",
   "沈周",
   "沈从文"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周文王第十子季载受封于沈（今河南平舆），为沈子国，后为蔡所灭，子孙以国为氏。另有芈姓沈氏（楚公子贞封于沈鹿）一支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/shen3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "申屠",
  "slug": "shentu2",
  "pinyin": "shēn tú",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "申侯之后",
  "origin": "陕西",
  "junwang": [
   "京兆",
   "西河"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "京兆堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 1.9 万人",
  "population_est": 19000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "申屠嘉",
   "申屠蟠"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓（一说姜姓）。周幽王时申侯之后居屠原（一说安定屠原），因称申屠氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/shentu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "石",
  "slug": "shi2",
  "pinyin": "shí",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "石碏",
  "origin": "河南淇县",
  "junwang": [
   "武威",
   "渤海"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "武威堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自武威一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "石碏",
   "石勒",
   "石崇",
   "石达开"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。卫国大夫石碏以「大义灭亲」诛子石厚，为世所重，其后以字为氏。另有子姓石氏（宋国公子段字子石之后）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/shi2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "史",
  "slug": "shi3",
  "pinyin": "shǐ",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "史佚",
  "origin": "陕西",
  "junwang": [
   "京兆",
   "武昌"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "京兆堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自京兆一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "史佚",
   "史鱼",
   "史可法"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周初太史佚之后，以官为氏。另有史国（隋唐时西域史国）归附者以史为姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/shi3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "司马",
  "slug": "sima3",
  "pinyin": "sī mǎ",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "程伯休父",
  "origin": "河南武陟",
  "junwang": [
   "河内"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河内堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   },
   {
    "name": "太史堂",
    "note": "司马迁父子相继为太史令，世称「太史公」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 2.3 万人",
  "population_est": 23000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "司马迁",
   "司马相如",
   "司马懿",
   "司马光"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周宣王时程伯休父任司马（掌军政），子孙以官为氏。另有春秋各国司马之官，其后多以官为姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/sima3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "宋",
  "slug": "song4",
  "pinyin": "sòng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "微子启",
  "origin": "河南商丘",
  "junwang": [
   "京兆",
   "西河",
   "广平"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "京兆堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自京兆一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 24 位",
  "rank_num": 24,
  "population": "约 1120 万人",
  "population_est": 11200000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "宋玉",
   "宋弘",
   "宋慈",
   "宋应星"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。商纣王庶兄微子启，周公平定武庚之乱后受封于宋（今河南商丘），奉商祀。宋亡于齐，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/song4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "苏",
  "slug": "su1",
  "pinyin": "sū",
  "era": "商代",
  "ancestor": "苏忿生",
  "origin": "河南温县",
  "junwang": [
   "武功",
   "扶风",
   "蓝田"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "武功堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自武功一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "眉山堂",
    "note": "北宋眉山苏洵、苏轼、苏辙父子，世称「三苏」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "苏秦",
   "苏武",
   "苏轼",
   "苏颂"
  ],
  "origin_note": "己姓。祝融后裔昆吾之子受封于苏（今河南温县）。周武王时苏忿生为司寇，以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/su1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "孙",
  "slug": "sun1",
  "pinyin": "sūn",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "孙书（妫姓）／惠孙（姬姓）",
  "origin": "山东惠民",
  "junwang": [
   "乐安",
   "东莞",
   "吴郡"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "乐安堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自乐安一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "兵法堂",
    "note": "孙武著《孙子兵法》十三篇，后世兵家奉为祖本"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 12 位",
  "rank_num": 12,
  "population": "约 1940 万人",
  "population_est": 19400000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "孙武",
   "孙膑",
   "孙权",
   "孙思邈",
   "孙中山"
  ],
  "origin_note": "多源。姬姓：卫武公之子惠孙，其孙林父以祖字为氏；芈姓：楚令尹孙叔敖之后；妫姓：陈无宇之子书伐莒有功，齐景公赐姓孙、食采乐安——兵圣孙武出此支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/sun1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "太史",
  "slug": "taishi3",
  "pinyin": "tài shǐ",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "太史之官",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "齐郡"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "齐郡堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "太史儋",
   "太史慈"
  ],
  "origin_note": "官职。周代置太史，掌记载史事、编写史书、兼管典籍天文，其后以官为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/taishi3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "谭",
  "slug": "tan2",
  "pinyin": "tán",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "谭子",
  "origin": "山东章丘",
  "junwang": [
   "齐郡",
   "平陵",
   "弘农"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "齐郡堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自齐郡一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "谭嗣同",
   "谭纶"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。伯益后裔受封于谭（今山东章丘），为谭国。春秋时谭为齐所灭，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/tan2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "唐",
  "slug": "tang2",
  "pinyin": "táng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "唐叔虞",
  "origin": "山西翼城",
  "junwang": [
   "晋昌",
   "北海",
   "鲁国"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "晋昌堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自晋昌一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 25 位",
  "rank_num": 25,
  "population": "约 1010 万人",
  "population_est": 10100000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "唐寅",
   "唐慎微",
   "唐顺之"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周成王弟叔虞受封于唐（今山西翼城），其子燮父改国号为晋，庶支以唐为氏。另有祁姓唐氏，为帝尧陶唐氏之后。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/tang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "澹台",
  "slug": "tantai2",
  "pinyin": "tán tái",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "澹台灭明",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "太原"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "澹台灭明（子羽）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。孔子弟子澹台灭明，字子羽，鲁国武城人，其后以「澹台」为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/tantai2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "田",
  "slug": "tian2",
  "pinyin": "tián",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "田完（陈完）",
  "origin": "山东淄博",
  "junwang": [
   "雁门",
   "北平",
   "京兆"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "雁门堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自雁门一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "紫荆堂",
    "note": "传说田氏三兄弟分家，庭中紫荆枯而复荣，遂复合居"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "田单",
   "田忌",
   "田横"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。陈厉公之子完奔齐，以「田」为氏（陈、田古音相近），是为田完。田氏后人取代姜齐，即「田氏代齐」。齐亡于秦，子孙以田为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/tian2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "拓跋",
  "slug": "tuoba2",
  "pinyin": "tuò bá",
  "era": "北魏",
  "ancestor": "拓跋力微",
  "origin": "内蒙古",
  "junwang": [
   "颍川",
   "雁门"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "颍川堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "拓跋珪（道武帝）",
   "拓跋宏（孝文帝）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "鲜卑。源出拓跋鲜卑，为北魏皇族姓氏。北魏孝文帝汉化时改姓「元」，部分支系保留拓跋。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/tuoba2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "汪",
  "slug": "wang1",
  "pinyin": "wāng",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "汪满（鲁成公之子）",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "平阳",
   "新安"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "平阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自平阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "汪伦",
   "汪藻",
   "汪士慎"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。鲁成公之子满受封于汪邑，子孙以邑为氏。另有汪芒氏（防风氏之后）改汪一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/wang1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "王",
  "slug": "wang2",
  "pinyin": "wáng",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "太子晋（王子晋）",
  "origin": "河南洛阳",
  "junwang": [
   "太原",
   "琅琊"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自太原一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "三槐堂",
    "note": "北宋王祜手植三槐于庭，预言子孙必位三公；子王旦果为宰相，苏轼作《三槐堂铭》"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 1 位",
  "rank_num": 1,
  "population": "约 1.05 亿人",
  "population_est": 105000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "王翦",
   "王昭君",
   "王羲之",
   "王安石",
   "王阳明"
  ],
  "origin_note": "主体出自姬姓。周灵王太子晋因直谏被废为庶人，其子宗敬仍任司徒，时人因其出自王族称「王家」，遂以王为氏。另有子姓（商王子比干之后）、妫姓（陈完田氏之后，王莽出此支）、毕公高之后，以及赐姓与少数民族改姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/wang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "完颜",
  "slug": "wanyan2",
  "pinyin": "wán yán",
  "era": "辽金",
  "ancestor": "完颜阿骨打",
  "origin": "黑龙江",
  "junwang": [
   "上京"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "上京堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 0.6 万人",
  "population_est": 6000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "完颜阿骨打",
   "完颜宗弼（金兀术）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "女真。源出女真完颜部，为金朝皇族姓氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/wanyan2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "魏",
  "slug": "wei4",
  "pinyin": "wèi",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "毕万（魏国）",
  "origin": "山西芮城",
  "junwang": [
   "巨鹿",
   "任城"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "巨鹿堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自巨鹿一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "十思堂",
    "note": "唐魏徵上《谏太宗十思疏》，为谏臣典范"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "魏无忌（信陵君）",
   "魏征",
   "魏源"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周文王第十五子毕公高之后毕万受封于魏（今山西芮城），其后三家分晋建魏国。魏亡于秦，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/wei4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "闻人",
  "slug": "wenren2",
  "pinyin": "wén rén",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "闻人（少正卯之后）",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河南堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "闻人通汉"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。鲁国大夫少正卯聚徒讲学，名声远播，时人称「闻人」（闻名之人），其后以「闻人」为氏。一说出于「闻人」之官。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/wenren2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "吴",
  "slug": "wu2",
  "pinyin": "wú",
  "era": "商末",
  "ancestor": "泰伯、仲雍",
  "origin": "江苏无锡",
  "junwang": [
   "延陵",
   "渤海",
   "濮阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "延陵堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自延陵一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "至德堂",
    "note": "泰伯三让天下，孔子称其「可谓至德」"
   },
   {
    "name": "延陵堂",
    "note": "季札封于延陵，以让国贤名传世"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 9 位",
  "rank_num": 9,
  "population": "约 2780 万人",
  "population_est": 27800000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "吴起",
   "吴广",
   "吴道子",
   "吴承恩",
   "吴敬梓"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周太王长子泰伯、次子仲雍为让位于弟季历，远奔荆蛮，建立吴国（今江苏无锡一带）。吴亡于越，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/wu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "夏",
  "slug": "xia4",
  "pinyin": "xià",
  "era": "夏代",
  "ancestor": "夏后氏之后",
  "origin": "河南禹州",
  "junwang": [
   "会稽",
   "谯郡"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "会稽堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自会稽一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "夏育",
   "夏竦",
   "夏完淳"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姒姓。禹建立夏朝，夏亡后子孙以国为氏。另有周封夏后氏于杞，杞简公之弟佗奔鲁，鲁悼公以「夏」为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xia4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "夏侯",
  "slug": "xiahou2",
  "pinyin": "xià hóu",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "夏侯（杞简公之弟佗）",
  "origin": "山东",
  "junwang": [
   "谯郡",
   "鲁国"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "谯郡堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 1.1 万人",
  "population_est": 11000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "夏侯婴",
   "夏侯惇",
   "夏侯渊"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姒姓。夏禹之后封于杞，杞简公之弟佗奔鲁，鲁悼公以其为夏后，封为夏侯（采邑），子孙以爵为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xiahou2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "萧",
  "slug": "xiao1",
  "pinyin": "xiāo",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "萧叔大心",
  "origin": "安徽萧县",
  "junwang": [
   "兰陵",
   "广陵",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "兰陵堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自兰陵一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "八叶堂",
    "note": "唐萧瑀一门八世为相，史称「八叶宰相」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "萧何",
   "萧道成",
   "萧衍",
   "萧统"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。宋国微子启后裔大心平定南宫万之乱有功，封于萧（今安徽萧县），为萧叔，后以国为氏。今多简写作「肖」，2020 年官方排名以「肖」列第 33 位。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xiao1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "谢",
  "slug": "xie4",
  "pinyin": "xiè",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "申伯",
  "origin": "河南南阳",
  "junwang": [
   "陈留",
   "会稽",
   "东山"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "陈留堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自陈留一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "宝树堂",
    "note": "谢安以「芝兰玉树，欲使其生于庭阶」训子侄"
   },
   {
    "name": "东山堂",
    "note": "谢安隐居东山后出仕济世，世称「东山再起」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 23 位",
  "rank_num": 23,
  "population": "约 1050 万人",
  "population_est": 10500000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "谢安",
   "谢玄",
   "谢灵运",
   "谢朓"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。周宣王封舅父申伯于谢（今河南南阳），子孙以邑为氏。另有任姓谢国之后一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xie4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "熊",
  "slug": "xiong2",
  "pinyin": "xióng",
  "era": "商末",
  "ancestor": "鬻熊、熊绎",
  "origin": "湖北秭归",
  "junwang": [
   "江陵",
   "豫章"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "江陵堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自江陵一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "熊绎",
   "熊廷弼"
  ],
  "origin_note": "芈姓。鬻熊为周文王之师，其后熊绎受周成王之封于楚，楚国君主世以熊为氏。楚亡于秦后，子孙以熊为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xiong2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "徐",
  "slug": "xu2",
  "pinyin": "xú",
  "era": "夏代",
  "ancestor": "若木",
  "origin": "江苏泗洪",
  "junwang": [
   "东海",
   "高平",
   "东莞"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "东海堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自东海一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 11 位",
  "rank_num": 11,
  "population": "约 2020 万人",
  "population_est": 20200000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "徐福",
   "徐庶",
   "徐霞客",
   "徐光启"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。伯益之子若木受封于徐（今江苏泗洪），历夏商周为徐国。周穆王时徐偃王为东方诸侯之长，后为吴所灭，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "许",
  "slug": "xu3",
  "pinyin": "xǔ",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "许文叔",
  "origin": "河南许昌",
  "junwang": [
   "高阳",
   "汝南",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "高阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自高阳一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "洗耳堂",
    "note": "尧欲禅位于许由，许由洗耳于颍水之滨"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 26 位",
  "rank_num": 26,
  "population": "约 900 万人",
  "population_est": 9000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "许行",
   "许慎",
   "许衡"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。周武王封伯夷后裔文叔于许（今河南许昌），为许国。许国屡迁，战国时为楚所灭，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xu3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "轩辕",
  "slug": "xuanyuan2",
  "pinyin": "xuān yuán",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "黄帝",
  "origin": "河南新郑",
  "junwang": [
   "上党"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "上党堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "黄帝（轩辕氏）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。黄帝居于轩辕之丘（今河南新郑），号轩辕氏，其后以号为姓。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xuanyuan2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "薛",
  "slug": "xue1",
  "pinyin": "xuē",
  "era": "夏代",
  "ancestor": "奚仲",
  "origin": "山东滕州",
  "junwang": [
   "河东",
   "新蔡",
   "沛国"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河东堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自河东一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "三凤堂",
    "note": "唐薛收、薛德音、薛元敬齐名，世称「河东三凤」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "薛仁贵",
   "薛涛",
   "薛稷"
  ],
  "origin_note": "任姓。黄帝之后奚仲为夏车正，受封于薛（今山东滕州），历夏商周为薛国。薛亡于齐，子孙以国为氏。另有妫姓田氏奔薛一支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/xue1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "阎",
  "slug": "yan2",
  "pinyin": "yán",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "仲奕",
  "origin": "山西运城",
  "junwang": [
   "太原",
   "天水",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自太原一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "阎立本",
   "阎若璩"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周武王封太伯曾孙仲奕于阎乡（今山西运城），以邑为氏。另有晋成公之子懿受封于阎，一支以阎为氏。今多简写作「闫」。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yan2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "杨",
  "slug": "yang2",
  "pinyin": "yáng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "杨伯侨（一作尚父）",
  "origin": "山西洪洞",
  "junwang": [
   "弘农",
   "天水"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "弘农堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自弘农一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "四知堂",
    "note": "东汉杨震暮夜却金，曰「天知、神知、我知、子知」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 6 位",
  "rank_num": 6,
  "population": "约 4600 万人",
  "population_est": 46000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "杨震",
   "杨坚",
   "杨业",
   "杨万里",
   "杨慎"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周宣王之子尚父（一说周景王之后伯侨）受封于杨（今山西洪洞），为杨侯，后并于晋，子孙以国为氏。另有晋武公之子伯侨「以邑为氏」一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yang2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "姚",
  "slug": "yao2",
  "pinyin": "yáo",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "舜（姚墟）",
  "origin": "山东菏泽",
  "junwang": [
   "吴兴",
   "南安"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "吴兴堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自吴兴一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "姚崇",
   "姚广孝",
   "姚鼐"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。舜生于姚墟（今山东菏泽一带），因以为姓。周时封舜后于陈，姚、妫、陈、田、胡诸姓同出一源。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yao2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "于",
  "slug": "yu2",
  "pinyin": "yú",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "邘叔",
  "origin": "河南沁阳",
  "junwang": [
   "河南",
   "东海"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "河南堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自河南一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "忠肃堂",
    "note": "明于谦谥忠肃，土木之变后力守北京"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "于谦",
   "于成龙",
   "于右任"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周武王之子邘叔受封于邘（今河南沁阳），后去「邑」旁为于。另有北魏鲜卑万忸于氏改于一支。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yu2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "余",
  "slug": "yu2b",
  "pinyin": "yú",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "由余",
  "origin": "陕西凤翔",
  "junwang": [
   "新安",
   "下邳",
   "吴兴"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "新安堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自新安一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "风采堂",
    "note": "北宋余靖以直谏著称，仁宗称其有「风采」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "由余",
   "余靖",
   "余怀"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姒姓。秦穆公贤臣由余本为晋人，入戎，后归秦，助秦并国十二、开地千里，子孙以名为氏。另有姬姓余氏（晋国余吾）一说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yu2b"
 },
 {
  "surname": "袁",
  "slug": "yuan2",
  "pinyin": "yuán",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "袁涛涂",
  "origin": "河南淮阳",
  "junwang": [
   "陈郡",
   "汝南",
   "彭城"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "陈郡堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自陈郡一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "卧雪堂",
    "note": "东汉袁安困雪僵卧，不愿扰人，洛阳令举为孝廉"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "袁安",
   "袁绍",
   "袁崇焕",
   "袁枚"
  ],
  "origin_note": "妫姓。陈胡公满后裔诸，字伯爰，其孙涛涂以王父字为氏，称爰氏，古「爰」「辕」「袁」通用，后定为袁。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yuan2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "尉迟",
  "slug": "yuchi2",
  "pinyin": "yù chí",
  "era": "北魏",
  "ancestor": "尉迟部",
  "origin": "山西大同",
  "junwang": [
   "太原"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "太原堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 0.4 万人",
  "population_est": 4000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "尉迟恭（尉迟敬德）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "鲜卑。源出拓跋鲜卑尉迟部，以部名为氏。北魏孝文帝汉化时，尉迟部改姓尉迟。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yuchi2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "宇文",
  "slug": "yuwen2",
  "pinyin": "yǔ wén",
  "era": "北魏",
  "ancestor": "宇文部",
  "origin": "内蒙古",
  "junwang": [
   "颍川",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "颍川堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "宇文泰",
   "宇文邕（北周武帝）",
   "宇文化及"
  ],
  "origin_note": "鲜卑。源出匈奴宇文部，后为鲜卑所并，以部名为氏。北魏孝文帝汉化，宇文部改姓宇文。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/yuwen2"
 },
 {
  "surname": "曾",
  "slug": "zeng1",
  "pinyin": "zēng",
  "era": "夏代",
  "ancestor": "曲烈（鄫国）",
  "origin": "山东苍山",
  "junwang": [
   "鲁国",
   "庐陵",
   "天水"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "鲁国堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自鲁国一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "三省堂",
    "note": "曾子「吾日三省吾身」，为修身名训"
   },
   {
    "name": "宗圣堂",
    "note": "曾子被尊为「宗圣」，配享孔庙"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "曾参（曾子）",
   "曾巩",
   "曾国藩"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姒姓。夏少康封少子曲烈于鄫（今山东苍山），为鄫国。鄫为莒所灭，太子巫奔鲁，去「邑」旁为曾氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zeng1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "张",
  "slug": "zhang1",
  "pinyin": "zhāng",
  "era": "上古",
  "ancestor": "挥（弓正）",
  "origin": "河北清河",
  "junwang": [
   "清河",
   "南阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "清河堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自清河一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "百忍堂",
    "note": "唐张公艺九世同居，高宗问治家之道，书「忍」字百余以对"
   },
   {
    "name": "金鉴堂",
    "note": "唐张九龄著《千秋金鉴录》，后人取为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 3 位",
  "rank_num": 3,
  "population": "约 8500 万人",
  "population_est": 85000000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "张仪",
   "张良",
   "张衡",
   "张仲景",
   "张居正"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。相传黄帝之孙挥观弧星、制弓矢，任弓正之职，赐姓张（「张」本义为张弓）。另一说春秋晋国大夫解张字张侯，子孙以字为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhang1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "长孙",
  "slug": "zhangsun1",
  "pinyin": "zhǎng sūn",
  "era": "北魏",
  "ancestor": "拓跋氏",
  "origin": "山西大同",
  "junwang": [
   "济阳",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "济阳堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 0.3 万人",
  "population_est": 3000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "长孙无忌",
   "长孙皇后"
  ],
  "origin_note": "鲜卑。北魏孝文帝以皇族拓跋氏为宗室之长，改姓长孙。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhangsun1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "赵",
  "slug": "zhao4",
  "pinyin": "zhào",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "造父",
  "origin": "山西洪洞",
  "junwang": [
   "天水",
   "涿郡",
   "南阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "天水堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自天水一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "半部堂",
    "note": "北宋赵普以「半部《论语》治天下」自道，后人取为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 8 位",
  "rank_num": 8,
  "population": "约 2860 万人",
  "population_est": 28600000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "赵武灵王",
   "赵奢",
   "赵云",
   "赵匡胤",
   "赵孟頫"
  ],
  "origin_note": "嬴姓。伯益十三世孙造父为周穆王御车，因平徐偃王之乱有功，封于赵城（今山西洪洞），以邑为氏。其后建赵国，为战国七雄之一。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhao4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "郑",
  "slug": "zheng4",
  "pinyin": "zhèng",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "郑桓公友",
  "origin": "陕西华县",
  "junwang": [
   "荥阳",
   "洛阳"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "荥阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自荥阳一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "通德堂",
    "note": "东汉郑玄遍注群经，孔融表其乡为「郑公乡」、门为「通德门」"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 21 位",
  "rank_num": 21,
  "population": "约 1240 万人",
  "population_est": 12400000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "郑国",
   "郑玄",
   "郑和",
   "郑成功",
   "郑板桥"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周宣王弟友受封于郑（今陕西华县），为郑桓公。后东迁新郑，郑国亡于韩，子孙以国为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zheng4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "钟",
  "slug": "zhong1",
  "pinyin": "zhōng",
  "era": "春秋",
  "ancestor": "钟离氏、钟建",
  "origin": "安徽凤阳",
  "junwang": [
   "颍川",
   "竟陵"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "颍川堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自颍川一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "知音堂",
    "note": "钟子期听伯牙鼓琴，能辨高山流水之志"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "钟子期",
   "钟繇",
   "钟会"
  ],
  "origin_note": "子姓。宋国伯宗之后食采于钟离（今安徽凤阳），以邑为氏，后简为钟。另有芈姓钟氏（楚大夫钟建之后）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhong1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "周",
  "slug": "zhou1",
  "pinyin": "zhōu",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "周平王少子烈",
  "origin": "河南汝南",
  "junwang": [
   "汝南",
   "庐江",
   "沛国"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "汝南堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自汝南一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "爱莲堂",
    "note": "周敦颐作《爱莲说》，「出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖」"
   },
   {
    "name": "濂溪堂",
    "note": "周敦颐世称濂溪先生，后人以号名堂"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 10 位",
  "rank_num": 10,
  "population": "约 2680 万人",
  "population_est": 26800000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "周勃",
   "周瑜",
   "周敦颐",
   "周必大",
   "周树人（鲁迅）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姬姓。周平王少子烈受封于汝坟（今河南汝南），后人以国为氏；另有周赧王后裔、周公旦之后等多支，皆以「周」为氏。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhou1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "朱",
  "slug": "zhu1",
  "pinyin": "zhū",
  "era": "西周",
  "ancestor": "曹挟（邾国）",
  "origin": "山东邹城",
  "junwang": [
   "沛国",
   "吴郡",
   "河南"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "沛国堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自沛国一系"
   },
   {
    "name": "紫阳堂",
    "note": "朱熹别号紫阳，讲学紫阳书院"
   },
   {
    "name": "白鹿堂",
    "note": "朱熹讲学于白鹿洞书院，倡格物致知"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "全国第 14 位",
  "rank_num": 14,
  "population": "约 1810 万人",
  "population_est": 18100000,
  "population_source": "estimate",
  "notables": [
   "朱熹",
   "朱元璋",
   "朱载堉",
   "朱自清"
  ],
  "origin_note": "曹姓。颛顼后裔陆终第五子晏安封于曹，周武王封其裔曹挟于邾（今山东邹城）。邾国亡后，族人去「邑」旁为朱氏。另有朱襄氏、宋微子之后等说。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhu1"
 },
 {
  "surname": "诸葛",
  "slug": "zhuge3",
  "pinyin": "zhū gě",
  "era": "西汉",
  "ancestor": "诸葛丰",
  "origin": "山东沂南",
  "junwang": [
   "琅琊"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "琅琊堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   },
   {
    "name": "忠武堂",
    "note": "诸葛亮谥「忠武」，后世取为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "约 4.8 万人",
  "population_est": 48000,
  "population_source": "mps2020",
  "notables": [
   "诸葛亮",
   "诸葛瑾",
   "诸葛诞"
  ],
  "origin_note": "姜姓。本为葛氏，居诸县（今山东诸城）的一支迁往阳都（今山东沂南），当地人称之为「诸葛」，遂以之为氏。西汉诸葛丰为司隶校尉，是史籍所见最早的诸葛氏名人。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zhuge3"
 },
 {
  "surname": "宗政",
  "slug": "zongzheng4",
  "pinyin": "zōng zhèng",
  "era": "汉代",
  "ancestor": "宗正之官",
  "origin": "陕西",
  "junwang": [
   "京兆"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "京兆堂",
    "note": "复姓支系单薄，祠堂多以郡望为堂号"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "人数稀少",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "qualitative",
  "notables": [
   "宗政德（刘德）"
  ],
  "origin_note": "官职。汉置宗正，掌皇族事务，其后以官为氏，作「宗政」（「正」「政」通用）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zongzheng4"
 },
 {
  "surname": "邹",
  "slug": "zou1",
  "pinyin": "zōu",
  "era": "战国",
  "ancestor": "邹衍、邾国之后",
  "origin": "山东邹城",
  "junwang": [
   "范阳",
   "太原"
  ],
  "tanghao": [
   {
    "name": "范阳堂",
    "note": "以郡望立堂，出自范阳一系"
   }
  ],
  "rank": "",
  "rank_num": null,
  "population": "",
  "population_est": null,
  "population_source": "",
  "notables": [
   "邹忌",
   "邹衍",
   "邹容"
  ],
  "origin_note": "曹姓。颛顼后裔曹挟封于邾（今山东邹城），战国时邾国改称邹国，亡后子孙以邹为氏。另有子姓邹氏（宋缗公之后正考父食采于邹）。",
  "url": "https://naming-cn.pages.dev/xing/zou1"
 }
]